Manuscript received September 5, 2022; revised October 30, 2022; accepted January 25, 2023.
Abstract—The purpose of this study is to develop a mechanic
dynamic aesthetic (MDA) gamification model for higher
education institutions (HEIs’) educator career system (ECS). A
mealy machine or finite state machine (FSM) is used to model
the ECS gamification mechanic because the academic degrees
targeted by the educators are finite and assumed to be the states
that they must accomplish during their journey as professional
educators. A program is created to simulate the Mealy machine
and the results are checked by an ECS reviewer team.
MDA-ECS is the result of a new ECS gamification model
implemented in Indonesian HEIs. The proposed gamification
model’s mechanic is a five-tuple Mealy machine, which consists
of four elements: (career) states, start states, inputs, outputs,
and transitions. The four functional degrees (FDs): Associate
Lecturer, Lecturer, Associate Professor, and Professor:
represent the states of the machine. Credit points from the four
aspects of 3D-HEI collected by the educator are the machine’s
inputs, while the grade of FDs, reward, and punishment are the
outputs, and thus the gamification. The simulation showed that
the mealy machine met the informational and affective aspects
of the ECS regulation in Indonesian HEIs.
Index Terms—Gamification, higher education, educator
career system (ECS), mechanic–dynamic–aesthetic (MDA),
finite state machine (FSM), mealy machine
Indah Dwi Mumpuni and Tubagus Mohammad Akhriza are with the
Pradnya Paramita School of Informatics Management and Computer,
Malang, Indonesia.
Sarifuddin Madenda and Eri Prasetyo are with the Doctoral Program of
Information Technology, Gunadarma University, Jakarta, Indonesia.
*Correspondence: indah@stimata.ac.id (I.D.M.)
Cite: Indah Dwi Mumpuni*, Tubagus Mohammad Akhriza, Sarifuddin Madenda, and Eri Prasetyo, "A Mealy Machine for Mechanic Dynamic Aesthetic (MDA) Gamification Model of Educator Career System in Indonesian Higher Education Institutions," International Journal of Information and Education Technology vol. 13, no. 8, pp. 1313-1322, 2023.
Copyright © 2023 by the authors. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited (CC BY 4.0).